Chess Archaeology HomeChess is a scientific game and its literature ought to be placed on the basis of the strictest truthfulness, which is the foundation of all scientific research.W. Steinitz

1882 Martinez-Steinitz
Philadelphia Match
Researched by Nick Pope

13 November 1882—25 November 1882
Game1234567Total
 Steinitz11111117
 Martinez00000000
Format: The winner of the first seven games to be declared the victor, draws not counting.
Time Control: 30 moves in 2 hours and then 15 moves every 1 hour.
Purse: $500 ($250 a side).

The Chess-Board.
The World's Champion Coming to Philadelphia—A Grand Tournament.

We take much pleasure in announcing that a chess spectacle of extraordinary interest is on the tapis, consisting of nothing less than a forty-days' visit of the world's chess champion to Philadelphia Chess Club to play a formal match with Mr. D. M. Martinez and to encounter the other magnates of the home club. What has been done in the matter will be best described by a letter, dated London, September 22, written by Mr. D. S. Thompson to the president of the Philadelphia Chess Club, Mr. D. M. Martinez. Mr. Thompson says:

"I went down to Simpson's (Chess Divan) this afternoon and there met Blackburne, Mason, Zukertort, Mackenzie, Macdonell and Steinitz. Steinitz, his backer and I had a long talk about a visit of Steinitz to Philadelphia, and he is quite ready to come and play a match with you on the following terms:

The Champion's Conditions.

"A match of the first seven or nine games, four games to be played each week until the match is finished. The stakes on each side to be £50 ($250), £100 ($500) to be allowed for traveling expenses. His stay in Philadelphia to be forty days and to play only with members of the Philadelphia Chess Club."

Our other chess men of might, although too much occupied to pay serious attention to the game, will, no doubt, appear once more upon the scene, and, we believe, we can promise that Messrs. A. Roberts, Neill Elson, J. Roberts, Whiteman, Michaelis and Reichhelm will break a lance, if not several, with the giant of the Old World.

Mr. Steinitz will also give exhibitions of blindfold and simultaneous play, so that all the members of the club may have an opportunity of measuring minds with the champion.

What Has Been Done In The Matter.

Mr. Martinez announces himself ready to back himself in the match and liberally contributes $100 towards the $500 necessary to pay Mr. Steinitz's expenses. Another member of the club, Mr. N. Dominguez-Cowan, has added the handsome subscription of $50. A number of $10 and $5 subscriptions have also been added to the list.

The whole matter is but a few days old and this announcement will accordingly be the first to make it generally known. What say our "solid" men? What says Colonel Joseph M. Bennett? Mr. Steinitz expects an answer by cable by October 15.

In the chess discussions of the week the matter of Mr. Steinitz's proposed visit to Philadelphia and match with Mr. D. M. Martinez has received considerable consideration. Last week we printed what we understood were Mr. Steinitz's condition, but a reading of the full text of his demands presents the case in a somewhat different light.

What Steinitz Demands.

What Mr. Steinitz demands is presented in the following 10 articles:

First. That Mr. Steinitz is to be paid £100 for traveling expenses and costs of journey and stay in Philadelphia.

Second. That Mr. Steinitz, in consideration of the above, agrees to stay in Philadelphia 40 days as the guest of the Philadelphia Chess Club.

Third. That Mr. Steinitz and Mr. Martinez (agreeable to Mr. Martinez) play a match of the first seven games (draw games not to count) for £50 a side. Time limit, 15 moves an hour. Four games to be played each week, or not less than seven games in two weeks.

Fourth. That the match is to commence on the fifth day after Mr. Steinitz lands in America, the days of play to be fixed before the commencement of the match.

Fifth. That at the expiration of the whole of the 40 days, the match being unfinished, Mr. Steinitz has the option of the following two courses: First, the loser to play £10 for each game behind in the balance of games; or, second, Mr. Steinitz has the privilege of extending the play for a fortnight at most for the purpose of finishing the match, having, however, the privilege of stopping as mentioned in the conditions of the first option at any time he sees fit.

Sixth. That Mr. Thompson is to agree to cable Mr. Steinitz definitely as to Mr. Martinez's acceptance by October 16 and to agree to pay Mr. Steinitz £5 in case no match is made.

Seventh. That if Mr. Steinitz plays no match on his arrival or stay in Philadelphia, £25 extra are to be paid him for expenses.

Eighth. That the Philadelphia Chess Club has the privilege of substituting any player for Mr. Martinez in the proposed match.

Ninth. That Mr. Steinitz agrees to play no games in the city of Philadelphia except at the Philadelphia Chess Club, unless at the consent of the Philadelphia Chess Club.

Tenth. That if all arrangements are concluded Mr. Steinitz is to receive £50 by cable and start for America within 10 days after its receipt.

The conduct of Mr. Martinez and his friends has been chivalric and liberal. Mr. Martinez having agreed to contribute $100 toward Mr. Steinitz's expenses, and Messrs. N. Dominguez-Cowan, Marcos de la Puente and D. S. Thompson having each agreed to give $50 toward the same project. Whether they will respond to the full text of Mr. Steinitz's demands remains to be seen. In the meantime those who wish to subscribe to the fund should send in their names at once to D. S. Thompson, No. 16 South Third street.


Chess.
A Match Arranged With the Champion of Europe.

When Mr. D. S. Thompson, the Third street broker, was in Europe he tendered Mr. William Steinitz, the champion chess player, an invitation to visit this country and be the guest of the Philadelphia Chess Club. Accompanying the invitation was an offer of $500 to defray his expenses the understanding being that matches would be arranged for him while in Philadelphia with members of the club. According to the agreement $250 of the expense fund was yesterday cabled to the champion, whose sojourn in this city will continue for over a month. The exact date of his coming will be known in a few days. The first match of seven games, for $250 a side, will be played with Mr. Martinez, president of the Philadelphia Club, who is one of the best chess players in this country. The games will be played at the club headquarters in the Irving House.


The Chess-Board.
Steinitz Will Come—[...]

Steinitz will come! Last Monday the following message was cabled to London:

Steinitz, Simpson's, 101 Strand, London, Morgan, 22 Old Broad, fifty pounds. Everything accepted. Start.
Thompson.

According to the conditions Mr. Steinitz has ten days' grace prior to starting. The match with Mr. Martinez will therefore probably begin early in November.


The Chess-Board.
[...]
Mr. Steinitz is hourly expected to arrive, and by the time these lines reach the eyes of your readers he may be in our midst. In a letter to Mr. Thompson, dated October 16, he says:

Your cable message with the order for £50 promptly came to hand this evening about 9 o'clock. Many thanks. Of course it is impossible for me to start this week, but I intend to take passage by the earliest steamer of the line you recommended for me, direct to Philadelphia, next week. If I am rightly informed the boats leave Liverpool on Tuesdays, and would therefore start on the 24th inst.


The Match With Martinez.

The opening games of the great match, first seven games up, between Mr. Steinitz and Mr. D. M. Martinez, will begin to-morrow at 3 P. M. The time limit is fifteen moves an hour. The hours of play are from 3 P. M. on, with one hour's intermission from 7 to 8 P. M. Mr. Martinez's style of play is at once chivalric and daring, and we anticipate a contest of extraordinary interest. Mr. Reichhelm will act as umpire.

Terms Of Admission.

The terms of admission to non-members of the club are: Either regularly joining the club by paying $2 initiation fee and $1.50 every three months, or $5, entitling the payer to a six-months' membership, or $1 for two days of admission. The club is located in the Irving House, 917 Walnut street.


Game 1: Monday, November 13, 1882.

A Great Match At Chess.
Steinitz Wins After Many Hours.
A Remarkable Gathering Around the Table. Characteristic of the Champion Player and of Mr. Martinez, His Opponent. The Complete Record of the Game.

The great chess match between Wilhelm Steinitz, a noted foreign player, said to be quite as good in actual play as the celebrated Paul Morphy, and D. M. Martinez, a wealthy resident Cuban, who is fond of the game and considered one of the best amateurs of the Philadelphia Chess Club, 917 Walnut street. It lasted seven hours and a half and was won with considerable dash by Mr. Steinitz just when most of the lookers-on and, as it afterwards transpired, Mr. Martinez also, supposed it was going to be a draw. At times it was most exciting, owing for the most part to Mr. Steinitz's daring and unexpected strokes. In general the probable move of a skilful player, or at least seven moves, one of which is probable, may be determined by an expert looker-on. It is not so, however, when Mr. Steinitz is playing.

The room in which the game took place had in it numerous chess tables with wooden side pockets, containing the pieces. At a table in the centre of the room the two players sat facing each other, with a brilliant six-flamed chandelier above them. About twenty well-known chess men sat on chairs in a circle around the table, but as there were not enough chairs some stood. From their varied physiognomy the spectators might be taken for "knights" and "bishops." The number of brokers interested in the game, possibly because of its speculative features, was very noticeable. Prominent among them was D. S. Thompson, who brought Steinitz from Europe and arranged the match.

The Silent Spectators.

Some of the other good Philadelphia players present were Emerson Bennett, the author: James Roberts, Jacob Elson, Charles Newman, Dr. Cox, N. Domingues, a Cuban friend of Mr. Martinez; J. A. Kaiser, L. D. Barbour, Mr. Hall, P. S. Coggins, Edward Henderson, S. R. Barrett, Dr. Groff and G. B. Adams.

The game began at three o'clock in the afternoon and lasted until half-past ten at night, with an interval of an hour for supper. Mr. Martinez played better before supper than he did afterwards and he said at the close of the game that his supper had not agreed with him and he felt heavy and could not see as clearly as he desired. It was noticed by his friends that in the last part of the game he was more restless than usual and put on his eye-glasses several times, although he ordinarily does not use them while playing. Nearly everyone in the room had a cigar or cigarette in his mouth continuously, and there was quite a cloud of tobacco smoke. It would seem as if chess players, as a rule, are great lovers of the week. Absolute silence prevailed. At any time the falling of a pin on the floor would have been audible. Sometimes half an hour passed without anyone opening his lips or making a motion of any kind, and the only sound was the sharp, nervous click of the pieces when the moves were made. When anyone went in our out it was on his tip-toes, and when anyone spoke it was in the lowest whisper.

How They Pondered And Moved.

Each player had a little stop-clock before him, which went when placed upright and stopped when placed on its side. Each player was compelled to make fifteen moves an hour or lose the game. Tallies were kept of the turning up and turning down of the stop-clocks to see that no man took too much time. Steinitz was the longest in making his moves and towards the last it looked at one time as if he would overrun his time. Steinitz is a small, stout, florid, sandy haired and bearded man of about fifty, with broad features and a high-domed head. His appearance is Teutonic. Martinez is a regular-featured, dark-eyed, dark-haired Cuban, of about forty, and betrayed more evidences of a nervous temperament than his competitor showed. Steinitz's favorite pose was with his arms folded, leaning on the table. Martinez leaned one elbow on the table, resting his forehead on his hand, which he occasionally ran through his hair. When things went well with Steinitz he took out a short chubby pipe and, filling it with his left hand—being an ambidexter—began to smoke. When affairs grew precarious he emptied the pipe mechanically with his left hand and slid it into his pocket. He has small, twinkling eyes and chubby hands, that, with his restless fingers and double-handed movements, give him an odd appearance.

After the usual formality of drawing for the move, fortune favoring Mr. Steinitz, the gamed opened as follows:


Date: 1882.11.13
Site: USA Philadelphia, PA (Philadelphia Chess Club)
Event: Steinitz-Martinez Match (Game 1)
White: Steinitz,W
Black: Martinez,DM
Opening: [C00] French
1.e4 e6 2.e5
Times: This was an innovation of play introduced by Mr. Steinitz in this method of beginning the game, which is called "the French opening." Mr. Martinez retorted with an original reply:
2...a6 3.f4 d5 4.exd6 Bxd6 5.d4 c5 6.dxc5 Qa5+ 7.Nc3 Qxc5 8.Bd3 Nf6 9.Qe2 Bd7 10.Nf3 Nc6 11.Be3 Qa5 12.0-0 Bc5 13.a3 Bxe3+ 14.Qxe3 Ng4 15.Qd2 Qc5+ 16.Kh1 Qe3 17.Qxe3 Nxe3 18.Rfe1 Ng4 19.Ne4 Ke7
Times: Black's moves on this and the twenty-second moves are well worthy of note as fine examples of the importance of playing the king.
20.h3 Nf6 21.Nc5 Bc8 22.f5 Kd6 23.b4 exf5 24.Ng5 Re8 25.Nxf7+ Kc7 26.Rxe8 Nxe8 27.Re1 Nf6 28.Ng5 g6 29.c4 Bd7 30.Nge6+ Kb6 31.Nf4 Rd8 32.Nd5+ Nxd5 33.cxd5 Nd4 34.Re7 Bc8
Times: Seven o'clock, the hour of adjournment, having arrive, Mr. Steinitz sealed his move and handed it to the umpire, Mr. Reichhelm. At the resumption of hostilities, an hour later, the envelope was opened and Mr. Steinitz was found to have made a covert move with the rook and the game continued:
35.Re5 Kc7 36.Re7+ Kb6 37.Na4+ Ka7 38.Rc7 Kb8 39.Rxh7 Rxd5 40.Rh8 Rd6 41.Nc5 Kc7 42.Rg8 b5 43.Kh2 Nc6 44.Rg7+ Kd8 45.Be2 Ne5 46.Kg3 Rf6 47.Kf4 Nf7 48.h4 Kc7 49.Bf3 Kd6 50.Rg8
Times: All these moves are of a rather undemonstrative order and may be called skirmishing for position.
50...Kc7 51.Rf8 Bd7 52.Bd5 Rd6 53.Rxf7 Rxd5 54.Rxd7+ Rxd7 55.Nxd7 Kxd7
Times: Steinitz accordingly won. Like all skilful players, they did not play the game out. The winning position determined it. The rest would have been only mechanical. In closing Mr. Steinitz remarked: "Another such victory and I am lost." Play will be resumed to-morrow.
56.Kg5 1-0

Chess.
A Card From Steinitz.

Mr. Steinitz, the chess champion, prints a card in the Philadelphia Press, of the 17th, in which he acknowledges that had Mr. Martinez held him to the strict letter of the rules he would have had to resign the first game of the match in his favor. He says:

"At the time of adjournment I had to note my move, and hand it over in a sealed envelope to the honorable umpire. When the game was resumed. I made my intended move of rook to king fifth, over the board, but upon the envelope being opened it was found that I erroneously described rook to king fourth, which would have left the rook 'en prise.' According to the strict technical letter of the law, Mr. Martinez had the right of option between the two moves, and if he had insisted on the move noted in the envelope, I must have resigned at once. Mr. Martinez, however, in the most chivalrous manner accepted the move made over the board, and generously refrained from taking advantage of the clerical error."


Game 2: Wednesday, November 15, 1882.

Martinez Checkmated.
The Cuban Chess-Player Again Defeated by Mr. Steinitz.

The second prize game in the play of knights, bishops and pawns, between the European master, Wilhelm Steinitz, and D. M. Martinez took place yesterday. Like the first contest, this terminated in favor of Mr. Steinitz, thus giving him the first two games, and arrangement being that the winner of the first seven will receive the purse. The attendance at the room of the Chess Club, in the Irving House, as on the previous day, did not indicate a very widespread interest in the contest. At no time were there more than thirty spectators. It was the generally expressed opinion of amateurs not interested in either of the players, after seeing yesterday's game, that there can be nothing very interesting looked for in any further games between them, the result being foregone.

The game was throughout a very weak one, especially as played by Mr. Martinez. It was that gentleman's opening move and he selected the introduction known among chess-players as the Ruy Lopez, which consists of pinning the knight on the third move. The preliminaries were:


Date: 1882.11.15
Site: USA Philadelphia, PA (Philadelphia Chess Club)
Event: Steinitz-Martinez Match (Game 2)
White: Martinez,DM
Black: Steinitz,W
Opening: [C60] French
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nge7 5.d4 exd4 6.Nxd4
Times: Inasmuch as Mr. Martinez was playing an attacking game and bearding the lion in his den, he should have castled instead of doing what he did. In the ninth move he declined an exchange of queens that would at least have drawn the game, but apparently he did not desire such a tame conclusion. The moves were:
6...Nxd4 7.Qxd4 Nc6 8.Bxc6 dxc6 9.Qc3
Times: As the result showed, the queen was badly placed. As continued the score was:
9...Qh4 10.0-0 Bd6 11.f4 0-0 12.Be3 Qe7 13.Bd4 f6 14.Qf3 c5 15.Bf2 Bd7 16.Nc3 Bc6 17.Nd5 Bxd5 18.exd5 Qd7 19.Rfe1 Rfe8 20.Re6 Qa4
Times: At this point the problem was that if he changed rooks then 21.dxe6 and if then 21...Qxe6 22.Qxb7. His move, however, was 20...g6, which was a mistake, as he should have played the other knight's pawn. The explanation is on the presumption that the moves would have been: 21.b3 Qxf4 22.Qxf4 Bxf4 23.Bxc5 Rxe6 24.dxe6 Re8 25.e7, etc. Instead of that the moves were:
21.g3 Qxc2 22.b3 Qf5 23.Rae1 Red8 24.Rd1 Rd7 25.Be3 h5 26.Bf2 Rad8 27.Re2 Bf8 28.d6 c6 29.Re7
Times: The last was the height of desperation and from this on Mr. Martinez showed that he had no chance. It was:
29...Bxe7 30.dxe7 Rxd1+ 31.Kg2 Re8 32.Qxd1 Rxe7 33.Kg1 Qd5 34.Qc1 Re2 0-1
Times: With this Mr. Martinez resigned. To be beaten in thirty-four moves is very unusual in a match game.

Game 3: Friday, November 17, 1882.

The Chess Champions.
Steinitz Wins a Third Game from the President of the Philadelphia Club.

At 3 o'clock yesterday afternoon Wilhelm Steinitz and Dion M. Martinez met for the third time at the rooms of the Philadelphia Chess Club. The little square clocks were again brought out to mark the time. It is a point in modern match-play to "keep your clock well in your eye," and both players' closely observed this great maxim. Prominent among the spectators were Colonel Joseph M. Bennett, Mathew Wilson, the artist; Emerson Bennett, the author; N. Dominguez, Edwin Anthony, Rudolph Blankenburg, James Abbott, Dr. Wood, of Camden; J. A. Kaiser, J. L. Ringwalt, H. C. Hall, James Roberts, Charles Newman, L. D. Barbour, W. P. Shipley, E. H. Miller, E. Henderson, D. Balsley, Robert Frank, Jacob Elson and Dr. Groff. It was Mr. Steinitz's first move and Mr. Martinez accordingly labored under two disadvantages—he was two games behind and on the defensive as well—but yet he played for the most part beautifully and the game must be pronounced the best of the match so far. The game was opened in this manner:


Date: 1882.11.17
Site: USA Philadelphia, PA (Philadelphia Chess Club)
Event: Steinitz-Martinez Match (Game 3)
White: Steinitz,W
Black: Martinez,DM
Opening: [C30] King's Gambit
1.e4 e5 2.f4 Bc5 3.Nf3 d6 4.c3 Bg4 5.Bc4 Nf6 6.fxe5 Bxf3
Times: If 6...dxe5, White wins by 7.Bxf7+. The opening is that of the King's Gambit refused. Mr. Martinez elected not to take the Greek gift of the pawn offered on the second move, but so to deploy his bishops as to hinder White's castling manœuvre.
7.Qxf3 dxe5 8.d3 Nbd7 9.b4 Bb6 10.a4 a5
Times: As a general principle in chess it is best to answer rook's pawn two squares with rook's pawn one square.
11.g4 h6 12.b5 Qe7 13.Nd2 0-0-0 14.Nb3 Kb8 15.Ba3 Nc5 16.Bxc5 Bxc5 17.Nxa5 h5
Times: These moves show that Martinez gave up a pawn to retain his grip on White's centre. But here Mr. Martinez misses a fine opportunity. He should have moved, instead, 17...Bb4 18.Nc6+ (best) 18...bxc6 19.cxb4 Qxb4+ 20.Kf2 Qd2+ 21.Kg3 h5! with a good outlook. He menaces now 18...hxg4.
18.g5 Ng4 19.Nb3 Ba7 20.h4 f6 21.gxf6 gxf6 22.a5 Rd6 23.a6 Ne3 24.axb7
Times: Mr. Steinitz feels well assured that the pawn position in the ending will well repay him for giving up the rook for a bishop, which, in chess parlance, is called "the exchange."
24...Nc2+ 25.Ke2 Nxa1 26.Rxa1 f5
Times: A necessary sequence to Black's plan. He must open the position.
27.exf5 Qxh4 28.Bd5 e4
Times: A beautiful stroke of play. If now White plays 29.Qxe4, then 29...Qf2+ 30.Kd1 Rg8 wins. If, again, White plays 29.dxe4, Black plays 29...Rxd5 30.exd5 Qc4+ winning. Mr. Steinitz makes, of course, the best reply, which is:
29.Bxe4 Rg8 30.Rh1 Qf6 31.Kd2 Qe5 32.Kc2
Times: At this stage, 7 P.M., the game was postponed, Martinez sealing his move. At 7.45 the play continued:
32...Qxb5 33.Qxh5 Rgd8 34.Qf3 Rb6 35.Rb1 Rh8 36.Qe2 Qa4 37.d4 Re8 38.Qg2 Rh6 39.Ra1 Qc4 40.Nc5 Qf7 41.Ra6 Rd6
Times: Observe this variation. On 41...Reh8 42.Rxh6 Rxh6 (42...Qa2+ 43.Kd3 Qb1+ 44.Kc4) 43.Nd7+ mating in two more moves.
42.Rxd6 Qa2+ 43.Kd3 Qb1+ 44.Kc4 1-0
Times: The score now stands: Steinitz, 3; Martinez, 0. On the 42d move Martinez could have moved better by 42...Bxc5, giving up the exchange. The turning point in the game was on move 17, when Mr. Martinez missed his grand opportunity. He should have played as indicated in the note to that move.

Game 4: Sunday, November 19, 1882.

Steinitz Again The Winner.
A Fourth Victory Over the President of the Philadelphia Chess Club.

Steinitz, the chess champion, and Martinez played their fourth game yesterday. It was won by Steinitz, after a protracted struggle of 53 moves. The opening was the same as in the second game up to the ninth move, when Mr. Martinez adopted the sounder method of exchanging queens. Two moves later, however, he weakened his king's pawn, which was one of the principal reasons for his defeat. It is the expressed opinion of many that as Martinez becomes better acquainted with his opponent's play he will make a better stand. The score of the game runs:


Date: 1882.11.19
Site: USA Philadelphia, PA (Philadelphia Chess Club)
Event: Steinitz-Martinez Match (Game 4)
White: Martinez,DM
Black: Steinitz,W
Opening: [C70] Spanish
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nge7 5.d4 exd4 6.Nxd4 Nxd4 7.Qxd4 Nc6 8.Bxc6 dxc6 9.Qxd8+ Kxd8 10.Be3 Be6 11.f4
Times: This was the error of the game. The e-pawn became thereby weakened. 11.f3 was the proper move.
11...f6 12.Kf2 Bd6 13.Nd2 Kd7 14.Nf3 Rae8 15.e5 fxe5 16.fxe5 Be7 17.Rad1+ Kc8 18.b3 Rhf8 19.h4
Times: This was not good. Playing 19.Kg3 at once was to be preferred.
19...Bg4 20.Kg3 h5 21.Rhe1 Rf5
Times: This was the beginning of one of Steinitz's great combinations.
22.Bd4 Bxf3 23.gxf3 Ref8 24.Rd3 Rf4 25.Rh1 c5 26.Bb2 c4 27.Bc1 cxd3 28.Bxf4 dxc2 29.Rc1 Bxh4+ 30.Kxh4 Rxf4+ 31.Kg3 g5 32.Rxc2 Rf5 33.e6
Times: Finely played, but there was too much material against him.
33...Re5 34.Rh2 Rxe6 35.Rxh5 Re2 36.Rh2
Times: His only chance was 36.Rxg5. With the rooks exchanged defeat was certain.
36...Rxh2 37.Kxh2 c5 38.Kg3 b5 39.Kf2 Kd7 40.Ke3 Ke6 41.Ke4 c4 42.bxc4 bxc4 43.a4 a5
Times: Not necessary. 43...c3 wins also.
44.Kd4 Kf5 45.Kxc4 Kf4 46.Kb5 Kxf3 47.Kxa5 g4 48.Kb6 g3 49.a5 g2 50.a6 g1Q+ 51.Kb7 Qb1+ 52.Ka8 Qe4+ 53.Kb8 Qe5+ 0-1
Times: And Martinez resigned, seeing that on 54.Ka8 he is mated in two and that on 54.Kb7 Qb5+ 55.Ka7 K-moves, he loses the pawn. This makes 4 to 0 in favor of Steinitz. The next game will be played to-morrow.

Game 5: Tuesday, November 21, 1882.

Another Game For Steinitz.
The Champion from Abroad Wins the Fifth Game from Martinez.

Wilhelm Steinitz won a fifth game from President Martinez, of the Philadelphia Chess Club, yesterday afternoon. The opening was a repetition of the King's gambit declined, but on the fourth move both players made a departure from their former moves. Mr. Martinez made a slight miss in the opening moves, which gave Mr. Steinitz a little "grip" on his eighth move. In move twenty-two Mr. Martinez failed to make his best play, but he defend him long and admirably against the odds of the position. These are the moves of the game:


Date: 1882.11.21
Site: USA Philadelphia, PA (Philadelphia Chess Club)
Event: Steinitz-Martinez Match (Game 5)
White: Steinitz,W
Black: Martinez,DM
Opening: [C30] King's Gambit
1.e4 e5 2.f4 Bc5 3.Nf3 d6 4.Bc4
Times: A variation from the third game, in which 4.c3 was played at this point.
4...Nf6 5.d3 c6 6.Qe2 Nbd7 7.Nc3 0-0 8.f5
Times: Black has been somewhat remiss in his defense (see moves 5 and 6) and this move commences the "crowding" process.
8...h6 9.Bd2 Re8 10.Bb3 b5 11.Nd1 a5 12.a3 d5 13.g4 Bb7
Times: To have taken the pawn would have been doubly dangerous, for White would have posted 14.Rg1.
14.g5 hxg5 15.Nxg5 Kf8 16.h4 Qc7 17.Qg2 Ke7 18.Ne3 Qd6 19.c3 Rf8 20.Nc2 Bb6 21.exd5 Nc5 22.Ba2 cxd5
Times: What was Mr. Martinez about here? Why didn't he play 22...Nxd3+? It was certainly his best resource.
23.Qe2 e4 24.dxe4 Qg3+ 25.Kd1 Nfxe4 26.Be3 Rfd8 27.Rh3 Qc7 28.Nd4 Na4 29.Nxb5 Qd7 30.Bxb6 Nxb6 31.Nd4 Rh8
Times: An error of which Steinitz takes beautiful advantage. Seven P.M. having arrived Mr. S. sealed his move and an hour later the play went on.
32.Nxf7 Kxf7 33.Qxe4 Ba6 34.Qe6+
Times: A pretty and important point in the combination.
34...Qxe6 35.fxe6+ Ke7 36.Rg3 Rag8 37.Kc2 Nc8 38.Rag1 Rh7 39.Bb1 Nd6 40.Kc1 Ne4 41.h5 Kf8 42.Rf3+ Ke8 43.Rf7 Bc8 44.Rf5 Bb7 45.Bd3 Rf8 46.Rxf8+ Kxf8 47.Rf1+ Ke8 48.Rf7 Bc6
Times: There was nothing better for him. On 48...Bc8 White would have won very nearly by 49.Rc7 Kd8 50.e7+, and then if 50...Kxc7 51.e8Q.
49.Bxe4 dxe4 50.Nxc6 Rh6 51.Re7+ Kf8 52.b4 axb4 53.axb4 g5 54.b5 g4 55.b6 Rxh5 56.b7 Rb5 57.Rf7+ Kg8 58.b8Q+ Rxb8 59.Nxb8 1-0
Times: And Mr. Martinez resigned, and several of the "small fry," as usual, began to show Mr. Steinitz "how he could have won more brilliantly." The match will continue to-morrow afternoon.

Game 6: Thursday, November 23, 1882.

The Chess Games.
Dr. Martinez Suffers Another Defeat in the Contest With Mr. Steinitz.

The sixth game in the match between Steinitz and Martinez was the shortest in the series so far, lasting only twenty-one moves. Mr. Martinez played a variation of the Evans' gambit, which he evidently had but imperfectly studied, and the result was a speedy loss. It is a singular fact that the only games in which Martinez had a chance were those in which he played the defense—in which he was compelled to play safely. The game yesterday lasted but one hour and a half. The moves were:


Date: 1882.11.23
Site: USA Philadelphia, PA (Philadelphia Chess Club)
Event: Steinitz-Martinez Match (Game 6)
White: Martinez,DM
Black: Steinitz,W
Opening: [C51] Evans
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.b4 Bxb4 5.c3 Bc5 6.0-0 d6 7.d4 exd4 8.cxd4 Bb6 9.Bb2
Times: 9.d5 give a more enduring attack is, in fact, the best play that the board affords.
9...Nf6 10.e5
Times: Good play when you give odds, perhaps, but bad play in an even game, and can only be explained on the theory of a mistake. He should have followed it up, however, with 10.Bb5.
10...dxe5 11.Ba3 Be6 12.Nbd2 e4 13.Re1
Times: It mattered little what he played at this point.
13...exf3 14.Qb3 Qxd4 15.Nxf3 Qxf2+ 16.Kh1 0-0-0 17.Rxe6 fxe6 18.Rf1 Ne4
Times: A pretty finish.
19.Rxf2 Nxf2+ 20.Kg1 Rd1+ 21.Qxd1 Nxd1+ 0-1
Times: And wins, making the score 6 to 0 in favor of Mr. Steinitz. Another game will be played to-morrow.

Game 7: Saturday, November 25, 1882.

Seven Games Won.
Wilhelm Steinitz, the Chess Champion, Finishes His Series with Mr. Martinez.
How The Visitor Is Pestered
Some of the Advisers Who Hang About the Chess Club Room.

The final game in the chess match between Steinitz and Martinez was played yesterday afternoon and resulted in another victory for Mr. Steinitz. This makes seven victories for Mr. Steinitz, and at the conclusion of the play he remarked that it was "the most creditable victory of his life." The opening was Mr. Steinitz's own gambit, as follows:


Date: 1882.11.25
Site: USA Philadelphia, PA (Philadelphia Chess Club)
Event: Steinitz-Martinez Match (Game 7)
White: Steinitz,W
Black: Martinez,DM
Opening: [C25] Vienna
1.e4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.f4 exf4 4.d4 Qh4+ 5.Ke2 b6 6.Nb5 Ba6 7.a4 g5 8.Nf3 Qh5 9.Kd2
Times: A very fine move and, in fact, the only play on the board.
9...Bxb5 10.axb5 Na5 11.c3 Nf6 12.Bd3 Ng4 13.Ne5 Nf6 14.Qxh5 Nxh5
Times: A bad fault. He should first have checked 14...Nb3+.
15.Kc2 f6 16.Nf3 c5
Times: Another mistake, after which the game was lost.
17.dxc5 Rc8 18.b4 Nb7 19.Rxa7 Nd8 20.c6 dxc6 21.bxc6 Nxc6 22.Bb5 Bxb4 23.Nd4
Times: He must win a piece. These was no remedy.
23...0-0 24.Bxc6 Rfd8 25.Bd5+ Kh8 26.Nc6 Rxc6 27.Bxc6 Bc5 28.Bd5 Ng7 29.h4 Bd6 30.hxg5 fxg5 31.Rh6 Be5 32.Rxb6 g4 33.Re7 Bd6 34.Rxd6 Rxd6 35.Bxf4 Rg6 36.Be5 h5 37.Re8+ Kh7 38.Bg8+ 1-0

A Criticism.

The issue of the games between Steinitz and Martinez has excited no surprise among those who have carefully followed out the play of these two masters. We say this with no unkindness to Mr. Martinez, for we think that in point of natural chess ability he is the peer of any man. He has had, however, no training, while his adversary, Mr. Steinitz, has been victorious over the finest players of Europe. Mr. Martinez missed chances in each game and notably so in the third game, where, at move 36, he could have won the game by doubling his rooks, as has been demonstrated by Mr. Kaiser and other experts. We advise Mr. Martinez, however, not to lose heart, for if he will but put his natural chess ability into training he will in a few years' time, we venture to predict, be able to cope without loss with any chess player in the world.

The Chess "Advisers."

During his stay here Mr. Steinitz has been unfortunate enough to win some games from some members of a new and important genus of players just arisen, namely, the chess "advisers." Having won a game from an "adviser," Mr. Steinitz would immediately be "sat down again" to the board in order that he might be shown for two or three mortal hours where he (the adviser) "had him." Mr. Steinitz at first would kindly and judiciously point out the mistakes of his adversary, but next day the "adviser" would return to the charge with a bundle of analyses under his arm "to prove the correctness of his views," and Mr. Steinitz, with wild and haggard eyes, would be noticed consulting the steamship time-tables so as to find out when the next steamer would sail.

Mr. Steinitz now enters the club room with a cautious, anxious expression, and when he unexpectedly meets an "adviser" would rejoin, "I want to show you the beautiful variations I have worked out to prove it." Then Mr. Steinitz, with the expression of a drowning man on his face, would say: "I acknowledge the fact that you could have beaten me, but spare me from the 'variations.' I have a family."


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